Lexicalization of The Semantic Dimensions of Modality in Persian Modal Adjectives Negin Ilkhanipour[1] Gholamhosein Karimi-Doostan2

Document Type : Research

Authors

Abstract

  Lexicalization of The Semantic Dimensions of Modality in Persian Modal Adjectives   Negin Ilkhanipour[1] Gholamhosein Karimi-Doostan2     Received: 2013/01/19 Accepted: 2013/08/20     Abstract In this article, the three semantic dimensions of modal force, modal base and ordering source are investigated in Persian modal adjectives and it is shown that the three modal forces of necessity (as in qatʔi ‘certain’), possibility (as in momken ‘possible’) and good possibility (as in ʔehtemâli ‘probable’) have been lexicalized in Persian modal adjectives while weak necessity, slight possibility and better possibility have not been lexicalized in these adjectives. The epistemic and circumstantial modal bases have also been lexicalized in Persian modal adjectives (as in ʔehtemâli ‘probable’ and qâbel-e-ʔeʔtemâd ‘reliable’, respectively) other than momken ‘possible’, in whose lexical entry modal base is unspecified and whose syntactic position determines its epistemic or non-epistemic interpretation. Among stereotypical, hearsay, doxastic, deontic, teleological and bouletic ordering sources, none has been lexicalized in Persian modal adjectives and they are determined by the context.   Keywords: modality, modal adjectives, lexicalization, modal force, modal base, ordering source.  
[1]PhD student, Department of Linguistics, University of Tehran (corresponding author); n.ilkhanipour@ut.ac.ir 2Professor, Department of Linguistics, University of Tehran ,gh5karimi@ut.ac.ir

References

 
اخلاقی، فریار (1386). «بایستن، شدن و توانستن: سه فعل وجهی در فارسی امروز». دستور.3. صص132-82.
ایلخانی‌پور، نگین (1391). نگرشی معنایی- نحوی به وجهیت در صفات فارسی. پایان‌نامۀ کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تهران.
کریمی‌دوستان، غلامحسین، و نگین ایلخانی‌پور (1391). «نظام وجهیت در زبان فارسی». پژوهش‌های زبانی. 4. صص- 77 98.
Brinton, Laurel J.& Elizabeth C. Traugott)2005(. Lexicalization and Language Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crystal, David)2008(. A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics (6thed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Hacquard, Valentine (2010). "On the Event Relativity of Modal Auxiliaries".Natural Language Semantics.18(1). pp. 79-114.
Johnson-Laird, Philip N. (1978). "The Meaning of Modality".Cognitive Science. 2. pp. 17-26.
Kratzer, Angelika (1977). "What ‘Must’ and ‘Can’ must and can Mean". Linguistics and Philosophy.1. pp. 337-355.
_______ (1981). "The Notional Category of Modality".Words, Worlds, and Contexts: New Approaches in Word Semantics.Hans-Jürgen Eikmeyer &Hannes Rieser(eds.). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.pp. 38-74.
_______ (1991). "Modality".Semantics: An International Handbook of Contemporary Research. Arnim von Stechow & Dieter Wunderlich(eds.). Berlin: de Gruyter.pp. 639-650.
_______ (2012). Modals and Conditionals: New and Revised Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kripke, Saul A. (1963). "Semantical Considerations on Modal Logic".Acta Philosophica Fennica.16. pp. 83-94.
Lewis, David K. (1973). Counterfactuals. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
_______ (1986). ThePlurality of Worlds. Oxford: Blackwell.
Lyons, John (1977). Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Palmer, Frank R. (2001). Mood and Modality (2nded.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Portner, Paul (2009). Modality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rahimian, Jalal&Zohreh Vahedi (2010)."The Semantic-Pragmatic Analysis of Persian Modal Verbs Based on Papafragou’s Model". Lodz Papers in Pragmatics.6(1). pp. 67-116.
Saeed, John I. (2009). Semantics (3rded.). London: Wiley-Blackwell.
Taleghani, Azita H. (2008a). Modality, Aspect and Negation in Persian. Amsterdam: John Benjamins B.V.
_______ (2008b). "Mood and Modality in Persian".Aspects of Iranian Linguistics.Simin Karimi, Donald L. Stilo& Vida Samiian(eds.). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.pp. 391-417.
Tavangar, Manoochehr& Mohammad Amouzadeh (2009)."Subjective Modality and Tense in Persian". Language Sciences.31. pp. 853-873.
ZABANPAZHUHI (Journal of Language Research)
Volume 8, Issue 19
July 2016
Pages 65-87

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics